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I will be disasembling my front end in the near future on 69 Mach1.. Going to fit 70 spindles, new springs, and considering the bump steer kit from ProMotorsport that sets the tie rod point 1 inch inboard on the steering arm ( topic for another day) I will be flipping the spring perches around too.
I already have Bilstein shocks and the performance alignment settings on this car. I have 2.5 degrees castor now. I would be happy with 3.5, but dont like the binding effect on the LCA bushing.
I wonder if shimming the front bolt on the UCA is a good thing to add some caster without utilising the strut rod adjustment, and the associated binding.
For those who know, what sort of thicknesses of shims result in how much caster added? I would like to add in 1 to 1.5 degrees maximum to my current set up.
Is this a good idea??
Thank you in advance
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OK, answering my own question here, it seems that 1/16 shim in the front bolt will add 1 degree caster.
I also read that Ford manual states there should be no more than 1/16th difference between the front and rear bolt.
Another point - seems the Shelby drop requires 1/8 inch adjustment to correct for the positive camber the drop adds. With my 69 that woould be adjustment at the camber adjuster of the LCA??
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all I can tell you is this:
the pre 67 mustangs used shims on the upper arms to set caster and camber . . they chaged to using the lower control arm for caster and camber adjustment in 67 . . no one knows if this was done to improve steering geometry or reduce costs.
if the upper arm mounting point is square to the chassis and horizontal to the ground, it will have no affect on the caster as it moves thru its arc.
If the upper arm is not square to the chassis, it will cause the caster to change as it moves thru its arc . . in this position, the caster will decrease as the arm is moved away from horizontal.
The more unsquare it is with the chassis, the greater the change on caster will be.
The amount of change is small in these applications.
The lower control arm bushing is designed to operate in a bind condition, but like you, I prefer to have it in as little bind as possible but it’s a trade off with this type of suspension and I would prefer for the bushing to have more bind than to have the caster change as the suspension moves.
Last edited by barnett468 (4/10/2015 1:29 PM)
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SA69Mach wrote:
the Shelby drop requires 1/8 inch adjustment to correct for the positive camber the drop adds. With my 69 that woould be adjustment at the camber adjuster of the LCA??
yes.
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barnett468 wrote:
.
all I can tell you is this:
the pre 67 mustangs used shims on the upper arms to set caster and camber . . they chaged to using the lower control arm for caster and camber adjustment in 67 . . no one knows if this was done to improve steering geometry or reduce costs.
if the upper arm mounting point is square to the chassis and horizontal to the ground, it will have no affect on the caster as it moves thru its arc.
If the upper arm is not square to the chassis, it will cause the caster to change as it moves thru its arc . . in this position, the caster will decrease as the arm is moved away from horizontal.
The more unsquare it is with the chassis, the greater the change on caster will be.
The amount of change is small in these applications.
The lower control arm bushing is designed to operate in a bind condition, but like you, I prefer to have it in as little bind as possible but it’s a trade off with this type of suspension and I would prefer for the bushing to have more bind than to have the caster change as the suspension moves.
Good points. I guess it will never be simply an equation, since the motion of the UCA continually alters the caster, if I use shims to alter the static caster.
Lots of variable here.....
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well, one option is have an arm with an adjustable ball joint that slides forward and rearward . . maybe i should patent that, lol.
the arc of the strut rod alters caster as the suspension moves also.
best thing to do is use a formulae 1 type system, lol.
Last edited by barnett468 (4/10/2015 4:33 PM)
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There is an other option to consider. The Aussie Falcon spindles are very similar to the 70 spindle with an additional 3/8 inch height - which effectively is almost a half distance "Shelby drop".
I am waiting on the dimensional comparison of the steering arms, but that may be something worth considering. It will not change the roll center, as I understand it, so it may not be a noticeable change. I think it will improve bump steer control, and maintain the camber more effectively, but not the roll.
Unfortunately if those taller spindles were combined with a Shelby drop, it would lead to binding at the ball joint in the UCA, so a negative wedge kit would be required.
So it is one or the other, and the Shelby drop seems to offer more benefit.
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One thing nobody ever considers when shimming upper control arms. I think THIS is why Ford changed to no shims with adjustment at the LCA pivot.
When you add different amounts of shims to an upper control arm, then tighten the attaching bolts, it tries to bend the control arm pivot shaft. The shaft, when alot of variation is in the shim pack thickness front to rear, is placed at an angle to the shock tower. It tries to be parallel with the shock tower as the bolt is tightened on the front shim pack, then back at an angle between the two bolts, then back parallel to the tower as the rear bolt is tightened, and then is forced by the UCA to try to be at an angle again at the rear.
So, you get a shaft that is being forced to be bent four times along it's length. I think this is partially what causes binding upper control arm bushings that wear quickly. Probably why the Ford book says no more than a very minor thickness variation allowable. In reality, these cars require alot more variation than the minimal amount to get them aligned.
Probably why the MII suspension puts the camber/caster adjustment (upper control arm shaft mounting bolts) VERTICALLY so the shaft does not have to bend as the bolts are tightened up.
Just another MustangSteve theory, but if you stack different amounts of shims, the upper shaft WILL bend and will bind the bushings. To me,the only answer, if you retain the stick type upper control arm, is to change it to have vertical mount points for the UCA shaft.
I am still waiting for someone who has replaced all that with a coil-over or some other variation of suspension to show me it is really better. I just need a drive to be convinced. So far, I have not had any offers to state it is really an improvement. I am not saying it is NOT an improvement, I am just saying I would like someone to convince me it is. If I can see a major improvement, maybe I would change. If you think it is a huge improvement just because you sunk a ton of cash into installing it, that is not the type of data I am looking for.
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IMO any bolt on system is only ever going to be as good as the factory mounting points you are reusing. There is only so much improvement you can accomplish tied to the factory pickup points. I think improvments can be made in precision by greatly reducing control arm deflection, as well as improving bushing material. I think some weight can be shed as well. Is it enough to justify sinking $3,500+ into a front suspension? From a handling standpoint probably not. The Mustang, for its day, was a decent handling car. Guys like Shelby knew how to make minor tweaks and improve the design to get it to really handle. Those improvments are still applicable 50 years later. If anything we've benefitted more from modern tires and better shocks than I think we can from throwing money into a solution in search of a problem.
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MusatangSteve wrote:
I am still waiting for someone who has replaced all that with a coil-over or some other variation of suspension to show me it is really better. I just need a drive to be convinced. So far, I have not had any offers to state it is really an improvement. I am not saying it is NOT an improvement, I am just saying I would like someone to convince me it is. If I can see a major improvement, maybe I would change. If you think it is a huge improvement just because you sunk a ton of cash into installing it, that is not the type of data I am looking for.
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If compared to the suspension below, the different design will have no affect on ride feel . . what occasionally happens is people have a worn out suspension or just an average one and they switch to something like the one below that isn’t worn and has better shocks and it does ride better so they wrongly attribute the improvement in ride to the design when the biggest improvement really came from different shocks and springs . . then of course there are the others that convince themselves its better simply because they just paid $5,000.0 to buy it and have it installed. .
SUSPENSION RATIOS
They are nearly if not exactly the same.
STRUT ROD VS NO STRUT ROD
The strut rod changes the camber slightly as the suspension moves which will affect steering slightly but not ride feel.
UNEQUAL LENGTH SUSPENSION ARMS
Both types have them so there is no difference there.
SHELBY ARNING DROP
Looks like the Heidts kit has it but this will not affect ride feel much.
Last edited by barnett468 (4/14/2015 2:10 PM)
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MustangSteve wrote:
When you add different amounts of shims to an upper control arm, then tighten the attaching bolts, it tries to bend the control arm pivot shaft.
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This is a good observation and what will happen is that the weakest point will flex which might be the pivot shaft or it might be the shock tower or it could even be both . . If it’s the shock tower only, there will be no bind on shaft the or bushings.
Because of this potential for the shaft to be bend if there is a big difference in shims from front to rear like those that are running 5 degrees of caster, they could actually bend the mounting points in the shock tower so they are square with the pivot shaft.
Last edited by barnett468 (4/14/2015 2:22 PM)
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IMO the only reason to switch to a Mustang II style suspension is if you need to eliminate the shock towers for engine clearance. That's its primary benefit. Everyone should build their car their way, but I wouldn't want to go through hacking the car up that much when you can make as much power as you could reasonably want with a small block that will drop in. '67-up cars have the option to go to an FE big block if they want to pin the cool meter, and with a 445 stroker you can build a 500HP engine that idles like a stocker and tears up the streets. Yes the FE builds are more expensive, but compared to a $5,000 front end kit the disparity between big block and small block shrinks in a hurry. Not a fan of the mod motors, and the 385 series is just overkill for something this light. Guys are pushing 800-1,000HP from Windsor strokers with blowers and/or nitrous. Nastier FE strokers can push 650-750HP NA. Power can quickly outstrip reasonable traction, and if you're going to just build a drag car there are plenty of 4 cylinder Fox body LX notchbacks to go around.
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When I did my Mustang II conversion on my 65 I cut and welded the upper tublar arm to get more negative camber and positive caster
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