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6/25/2013 9:40 PM  #1


Control arm bushings

I always wondered why the 07 Mustang has such large bushings at the rear of the lower control arms.  I found out today.  The bushings are designed to NOT allow the lower control arm to pivot.  You can barely MAKE it pivot by hand.  The large diameter of the bushing allows the rubber (or whatever is in there) to have room to twist as the suspension moves, but it is doing its darndedst to keep the control arm from moving.

With all the bearing control arm bushings and the like that are aftermarket items for the old cars, I am wondering why the latest technology uses a rubber bushing that deters movement.

I have always thought the front strut bushings on the classics had some of this in mind... to control movement instead of freeing it up.  My suspension does travel easier on my 66 with the spherical rod ends on the struts, but I am wondering if it SHOULD be allowed to move so easily.

Comments?


Money you enjoy wasting is NOT wasted money... unless your wife finds out.
 

6/26/2013 6:34 AM  #2


Re: Control arm bushings

I think it boils down to the groups at Ford that they call NVH - noise, vibration, and harshness.  They spend considerable effort on many aspects of the car on our impression of the drive.  So the bushing you are looking at provides stiffness for control but without the noise and harshness that would be transferred into the unibody if a spherical or other stout bushing was used.  A lot of work goes into understanding the total stiffness of a joint in the suspension.  When you have a control arm bolted to sheetmetal, the sheetmetal often has the lowest stiffness and you can bolt a big spherical bearing to it and the total suspension stiffness is still controlled by the sheetmetal.  That's why many of the urethane bushings do little to improve supsension response and produce nothing more than a jarring ride and noise that makes us think that the suspension is better.  That big stiff rubber bushing is providing radial, torsional, and axial stiffness as a part of the handling and ride for the masses.  We can improve upon some aspects but rarely without a consequence such as a spouse that refuses to ride in the car anymore.  All that said, many of the elastomers in a car have a life of about 5 years due primarily to thermal aging and simple out-gassing.  Just like the tires you prefer to replace after 5 years, ideally the suspension bits, motor and transmission mounts, etc. really need the same attention (but hardly nobody does it).

The NVH group also hangs goofy devices on firewalls and fenders to deter rattles or booms at certain speeds, modifies exhaust systems and hangers, and even gets involved in intake manifold design to alter the sound profile to make an engine sound more pleasing.  Something as subtle as the sound that a power seat adjuster makes can change our perception of quality.

So, with all of that, we learn that when we weld a subframe connector to a thin sheetmetal frame extension and a relatively weak rear frame, the round versus square argument is moot because the stiffness is controlled by what it is welded to (unless of course we improve upon the design!).  One really needs to consider the design of the system first and not just the bits and pieces that are part of the system.

So what did I do?  I replaced my front strut rod bushings with a heim and installed a spherical lower control arm bearing and roller spring perches for a wishful better ability to point the car and have it follow but I know it is going to be noisy and harsh.

 

6/26/2013 3:23 PM  #3


Re: Control arm bushings

Gpatrick.... Very well said.

 

6/26/2013 3:54 PM  #4


Re: Control arm bushings

Wow, Gpatrick - Suspension Engineer (compared to the rest of us).

 

6/26/2013 5:56 PM  #5


Re: Control arm bushings

No, some practical experience in a test lab that did a lot of work in automotive design and testing but primarily the school of hard knocks.  I had an 85 Mustang that I managed to make uncomfortable enough that it was no longer fun to drive and it still didn't handle because it is hard to make a street car a race car and still drive it on the street.  Almost mutually exclusive.  So I learned a lot the hard way and am trying to avoid the same mistakes on the 66.

In the lab we would determine the static and dynamic stiffness of the complete suspension system and components and essentially find the weakest link - which was often the attachment point to the frame or unibody.  Any stiffness in bushings more than the weakest link, for example, only served to make the suspension noiser and harsher with no improvement in handling.

When the manufacturers produce autos for the masses, the compromises usually don't swing in the favor of the enthusiast.  The work we did experimentally is now fairly easily modelled which allows the designers the ability to optimize the whole system which has produced some cars with pretty amazing handling compared to decades ago.  Improved suspension attachment points allow refinement of the rest of the system.

I still have a lot to learn on geometry in steering and handling.  I think it takes the ability to think in three dimensions and I struggle with two.

 

6/27/2013 11:10 AM  #6


Re: Control arm bushings

Makes 100% sense that chassis stiffness and rigidity of suspension mounting points will do way more than anything else to improve handling with reasonable spring rates & stabilizers, and that with a good solid base those rubber parts can do what they were designed to do and perform nearly as well as all the hard stuff under most conditions without thrashing kidneys & spines. I doubt that it can be argued that for an all-out racer the hard stuff on a solid chassis would’nt provide still greater performance but as has been proven more than once isn't much fun to drive around in the real world.

The fun part is trying to figure out the best way to update a 50 year old unibody design to be able to take full advantage of today's tires in ways that are truly effective. I'm pretty convinced that sub frame connectors are not nearly as useful on our old hardtops, for example, as strategically applied sheet metal upgrades such as convertible inner-rockers and torque boxes because no matter what you do with sub frame connectors the vert rockers tied into front and rear torque boxes will provide greater torsional rigidity than anything involving the front 'frame rails'. Probably weigh less too.


(Pinto!)
 

6/27/2013 11:35 AM  #7


Re: Control arm bushings

Two interesting articles/sites regarding torsional stiffness.  I think both have shown up here from time to time.  I am thinking about a roll bar with removable links for autocross on my convertible as there doesn't seem to be any other way to make up for a lack of roof.  The one link looks at static torsional stiffness and sees only significant results from the monte carlo brace but some of this is because of where the torque arm is attached.  Might be more interesting if it had connected at the LCA as a significant amount of flex he is measuring is only in the front frame section - hence no observed improvement from torque boxes.  You have to measure where you need the stiffness.  Still it does show that a good monte carlo bar helps.  The articles seem to dismiss subframe connectors as they attack beam stiffness.  They may not help handling but they tie the front and back of the car together and aid in handling extra/excess horsepower if tied in properly.  Interesting reading out there with some googling but there is also a lot of conflicting information/opinion.

 

Last edited by GPatrick (6/27/2013 11:38 AM)

 

6/27/2013 11:37 AM  #8


 

6/27/2013 12:16 PM  #9


Re: Control arm bushings

GPatrick wrote:

Two interesting articles/sites regarding torsional stiffness.  I think both have shown up here from time to time.  I am thinking about a roll bar with removable links for autocross on my convertible as there doesn't seem to be any other way to make up for a lack of roof.  The one link looks at static torsional stiffness and sees only significant results from the monte carlo brace but some of this is because of where the torque arm is attached.  Might be more interesting if it had connected at the LCA as a significant amount of flex he is measuring is only in the front frame section - hence no observed improvement from torque boxes.  You have to measure where you need the stiffness.  Still it does show that a good monte carlo bar helps.  The articles seem to dismiss subframe connectors as they attack beam stiffness.  They may not help handling but they tie the front and back of the car together and aid in handling extra/excess horsepower if tied in properly.  Interesting reading out there with some googling but there is also a lot of conflicting information/opinion.

I posted that Julian's link on the old forum a while ago in a thread of yours. I'd like to take the coupe to some flavor of 'Phase 2' but it will be a little while before I'm ready to dig in that deep. One of those things I'm looking forward / not looking forward to doing. The cowl/A-pillar re-inforcement will be a little challenging with MS power booster and cable clutch setup. I think I also posted this one on the old site of another take on installing the vert rockers although the page has been truncated a bit since then:

http://www.streetortrack.com/files/pictures/vert_inner_rockers/vert_inner_rockers.htm

No roof does make the vert challenging but that roll bar should be a project!


(Pinto!)
 

6/27/2013 2:59 PM  #10


Re: Control arm bushings

Does anyone have a convertible with a roll bar?  Did the Shelbys have one in stock form?  I saw a 65 vert at Bandimere Raceway here in Denver a few years ago and it fit and looked great but I've never seen him or the car since. With the car in pieces welding it in and mounting it right will be pretty straight forward - rear seat passengers are not a priority in my build.  I seem to focus on suspension and stiffening projects to avoid the body work that must be done.  Have made progress on my driver's side rear quarter patch at last in spite of the lousy parts quality.

 

6/28/2013 1:20 PM  #11


Re: Control arm bushings

That Stangnet post is interesting. I'd say the most notable improvement after installing a bigger front  stablilzer bar shortly after getting my car was the addition of the Export/Monte Carlo brace a few weeks later. Instantly noticeable difference, within the first 500ft of driving really, in the way car felt. I also installed a lower crossmember that ties the LCA mounting points together at the same time.


(Pinto!)
 

Board footera


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